Standards - English Language Arts

Make connections to a word’s structure using knowledge of phonology, morphology, and orthography of the word to aid learning.

Describe word relationships and nuances in word meanings, including relating them to their opposites and distinguishing shades of meaning in similar or related words, including nouns, verbs, and adjectives.

Determine meaning of words using synonyms in context.

Determine meaning of words using antonyms as a clue.

Describe the similarities and differences between related words.

Use knowledge of homophones to determine appropriate use of words.

Interpret figurative language.

Identify relationships and nuances in word meanings to determine real-life connections between words and their use.

Analyze meaningful parts (morphemes) of words and phrases in discussions and/or text.

Identify meaningful parts of words (morphemes) and use them as clues to the meaning of unfamiliar words, including base words, roots, and frequently occurring affixes and inflections.

Apply knowledge of the changes in tense (-ed), number (-s), and degree (-er and -est) signified by inflected endings to determine the meaning of a word.

Identify common and derivational prefixes and suffixes and use them as clues to a word’s meaning.

Identify common Latin and Greek roots and use them to determine the meaning of unfamiliar words.

Sort words with shared and varied suffixes by parts of speech.

Use knowledge of grade-level academic and domain-specific vocabulary to gain meaning from text.

Use grade-level academic and domain-specific vocabulary in writing.

Demonstrate content knowledge built during independent reading of informational and literary texts by participating in content-specific discussions with peers and/or through writing.

Determine the explicit or implied main idea and supporting details of a text.

Explain how supporting details contribute to the main idea, using textual evidence.

Recount or summarize the key ideas from the text.

Establish a purpose before reading literary and informational texts to enhance comprehension, including identifying background knowledge and generating questions about the topic or characters.

Identify and interpret various cohesive devices that link words and sentences to one another within the text.

Describe literary elements within a story, including setting, plot, characters, and themes.

Describe in detail the characters’ behavior, emotions, and traits and explain how their actions influence events in the story.

Explain how the characters’ actions and dialogue contribute to the meaning of the story.

Identify the central message, theme, or moral in a story, including myths, fables, and folktales, and explain the meaning conveyed in the passage.

Compare and contrast the themes, settings, and plots from two texts.

Identify and use text features in informational passages to locate information.

Explain how text features support details in the text.

Explain how illustrations contribute to meaning in a story.

Interpret text features used in written and digital formats.

Identify the text structures within literary and informational texts.

Explain how the structures, including comparison and contrast, sequence of events, problem and solution, and cause and effect, contribute to the meaning of the text, using textual evidence.

Identify statements in informational texts as facts or opinions.

Use prior knowledge and/or details from the text to distinguish fact from opinion.