Describe Roman influences on contemporary arts and culture.
Examples: The television series Rome, the movies Gladiator, Cleopatra, and Troy, and contemporary youth literature.
Compare language patterns of Latin and their own language.
Examples: Differences in the way Latin and English express indirect statements.
Use Latin prefixes, suffixes, and roots to expand English vocabulary.
Compare the geography and social, political, legal, military, and economic systems of the Roman world to systems of the modern world.
Example: Compare a map of the provinces of the Roman Empire to a modern map of the Mediterranean region.
Identify ways the study of Latin is beneficial to the study of other languages.
Examples: Similarities between the vocabulary of Latin and the Romance languages, as in the Latin word homo, the Spanish word hombre, and the French word l’homme.
Connect with personal interests using knowledge of Latin and the Greco-Roman world.
Examples: Plan real or imaginary travel to places once a part of the Roman Empire, and listen to music, and sing songs in Latin.
Communicate and exchange information about familiar topics using Latin phrases and simple sentences.
Answer simple questions using short, properly formulated Latin sentences.
Formulate questions and responses relevant to a reading or lesson using properly formulated Latin sentences.
Interact with others in formulaic social situations.
Example: Carrying out more involved conversations in simple Latin sentences about a passage being read in class or conversing with others to learn more about them.
Read, understand, and translate Latin prose at an Intermediate Mid to Intermediate High level.
Demonstrate understanding of the main idea of paragraph-length Latin prose texts about familiar ideas.
Find information in Latin texts for practical purposes, including literary analysis.
Read, translate, and and demonstrate understanding of Latin texts that offer differing perspectives.
Analyze the style of Latin prose authors to comprehend content.
Examples: Describe the tone of a passage from Cicero
Explain the use of rhetorical devices in speeches by Cicero.
Answer questions in Latin or English to demonstrate understanding of adapted or unadapted Latin prose authors appropriate to Level III.
Examples of grammar appropriate to Level III: See the Latin Grammar Addendum (Appendix A, page 67).
Examples of Latin prose authors: Caesar, Cicero, Pliny, Sallust, and Livy.
Produce Latin sentences and phrases at a Novice High to Intermediate Low level.
Write short messages and notes in Latin on familiar topics using vocabulary, grammar, and syntax appropriate to Level III.
Write briefly and present information using a series of properly phrased simple sentences.
Examples: Write sentences about topics of Roman and Greek culture and history.
Prepare written materials for presentation, translating English sentences into Latin
Recite memorized authentic Latin prose such as Cicero’s first Catilinarian oration.
Relate Roman cultural products to perspectives.
Investigate and describe values and perspectives in Roman prose authors.
Example: Values of pietas and gravitas found in the writings of Pliny.
Analyze important people in Roman history and literature to determine their cultural significance.
Examples: Gracchi brothers, Plautus, Terence, Cicero, Catiline, Sallust, Livy, Pliny the Elder, Pliny the Younger, Seneca, or Tacitus.
Relate Roman cultural practices to perspectives.
Contrast the ideals of Roman political factions in the first Century B.C.E.
Example: The conflict between Cicero and Catiline, the proposed policies of the optimates and populares.
Investigate the connections between Latin and other disciplines.
Describe and analyze the influence of themes in Roman prose on Western art and literature.
Example: Jacque-Louis David’s Oath of the Horatii.
Access and evaluate information and diverse perspectives that originate from Latin and Roman culture.
Analyze figures from Roman history and literature to identify their influence on American history.
Example: The influence of Cincinnatus on George Washington.
Analyze the style of selections from Roman prose to investigate its influence on today’s world of diverse cultures.
Example: Phrases such as O tempora O mores“ in a modern context.“
Investigate, explain, and reflect on the nature of language through comparisons between Latin and their own language.
Compare the style of Roman prose authors to that used in contemporary history and politics.
Example: Compare one of Pliny’s letters to a current piece or writing, such as an open letter published in a newspaper.
Analyze the structure of Roman rhetoric and its influence on contemporary rhetorical styles.
Example: Compare one of Cicero’s orations to Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.’s I Have a Dream“ speech.“
Investigate, explain, and reflect on the concept of culture through comparisons of the culture of the Greco-Roman world and their own.
Compare issues that reveal cultural similarities between the ancient world and modern cultures.
Examples: Sallust’s account of the 63 B.C.E. senate debate on capital punishment and the modern debate on capital punishment, Cicero’s consternation regarding the appropriate punishment of insurgent citizens and the current debate on what to do about domestic terrorism.
Use knowledge of Latin and Greco-Roman culture in a multilingual world of diverse cultures.
