Learning Activity

Modeling Base Ten Addition and Subtraction

Subject Area

Digital Literacy and Computer Science

Mathematics

Grade(s)

Overview

This learning activity is a great way to add high interest in grade 1, and with variations could be used in grades 2, 4, and 5. In grade 1, it can be used after the study of adding and subtracting within 100, identifying tens and ones, modeling place value, composing, decomposing two-digit numbers, communicating the relationship between models and numerical representations, and basic computer skills. The activity could be used in grades 2, 4, or 5 to reinforce and practice operations with numbers in base ten. This activity can be completed as a partner or independent activity or assessment.

This learning activity was created as a result of the Girls Engaged in Math and Science (GEMS) Resource Development Project, in partnership with Dothan City Schools.

Content Standards

Mathematics (2019) Grade(s): 1

MA19.1.13
Add within 100, using concrete models or drawings and strategies based on place value.

Unpacked Content

Vocabulary

Compose
Multiple of 10

Knowledge

Students know:

how to add within 100 using place vaue strategies.
how to identify tens and ones.
how to compose two digit numbers.
how to decompose two digit numbers.

Skills

Students are able to:

add within 100.
Model addition problems using visual models.
Record strategies for solving addition problems.
Communicate the relationship between models and symbolic (numeric) representations.

Understanding

Students understand that:

relationships between models of addition problems and written strategies of those models can be used to justify solutions.

Mathematics (2019) Grade(s): 1

MA19.1.13a
Add a two-digit number and a one-digit number.

Mathematics (2019) Grade(s): 1

MA19.1.13b
Add a two-digit number and a multiple of 10.

Mathematics (2019) Grade(s): 1

MA19.1.13c
Demonstrate that in adding two-digit numbers, tens are added to tens, ones are added to ones, and sometimes it is necessary to compose a ten.

Mathematics (2019) Grade(s): 1

MA19.1.13d
Relate the strategy for adding a two-digit number and a one-digit number to a written method and explain the reasoning used.

Mathematics (2019) Grade(s): 1

MA19.1.15
Subtract multiples of 10 from multiples of 10 in the range 10-90 (positive or zero differences), using concrete models or drawings and strategies based on place value, properties of operations, and/or the relationship between addition and subtraction. Relate the strategy to a written method and explain the reasoning used.

Unpacked Content

Vocabulary

Multiple of 10

Knowledge

Students know:

place value models for adding and subtracting numbers less than 100.
Strategies for adding and subtracting multiples of 10.

Skills

Students are able to:

use models and strategies to find and record solutions to problems where a multiple of 10 is subtracted.
Explain their strategies.

Understanding

Students understand that:

patterns in the place value system can be used to mentally compute sums and differences.

Interdisciplinary Connections

Digital Literacy and Computer Science (2018) Grade(s): 1

DLCS18.1.1
Classify and sort information into logical order with and without a computer.

Unpacked Content

Vocabulary

attribute

Knowledge

Students know:

how to identify attributes of items.
that attributes are used for sorting.

Skills

Students are able to:

identify various attributes of items.
sort items based on an identified attribute.

Understanding

Students understand that:

items can have attributes of varying types.
attributes can be used to group items.
attributes can be used to sort items and put into a specific order.

Digital Literacy and Computer Science (2018) Grade(s): 1

DLCS18.1.15
Interpret data displayed in a chart.

Unpacked Content

Knowledge

Students know:

how to look at simple graphs and interpret them collaboratively and indepently.
information can be depicted in various ways such as numbers, pictures, blocks.

Skills

Students are able to:

answer questions based on information shown in a graph or chart.
determine certain results based on information in a graph or chart.

Understanding

Students understand that:

we gain information by collecting data and depicting that data in a chart or graph.
we can look at charts and graphs and discover information.

Phase

During/Explore/Explain

Learning Objectives

Students will:

add within 100 using concrete models and strategies based on place value.
add a two-digit number and a one-digit number using concrete models and place value strategies.
add a two-digit number and a multiple of 10 using concrete models and place value strategies.
demonstrate skill in composing a ten when adding two-digit numbers.
subtract multiples of 10 from multiples of 10 in the range 10-90 using concrete models and place value strategies.

Activity Details

Teacher Directions for Modeling Base Ten Addition and Subtraction:

This lesson could take 45 minutes to 60 minutes. It can be assessed by observation of object manipulation, drawings, or interactive mat.

Background or Review

Start the lesson by reviewing the value of base ten model pieces and vocabulary, flat, rod, cubes, etc.

Engage

Distribute place value mats and base ten models to individual/grouped students and/or utilize one of the base ten websites to model place value, addition, and subtraction.
Practice using the digital place mat and give students time to explore.
Formatively assess using various types of questioning:
1. Add two ones plus five ones
2. Three tens plus four tens equals (possible answers- 30 + 40, 7 tens, or 70)
3. Six tens plus two ones equals
4. Five tens minus 3 tens equals
5. How many tens equals 60?
6. Model or write two ways to display the sum of 50 or 5 tens.
7. If I have four tens (picture/model), which choice matches the model?
8. Word problem - Jennifer has 20 crayons and Matt has 20 crayons. How many crayons do they have in all?
Assess on paper or by distributing a place value mat/slide in the chosen learning management platform with questions.
1. Add a link or upload to an interactive mat.
2. Make a copy for each student.
3. Add a link to the question sheet (have students split their screens) or give students a paper copy.

Student directions:

Student directions:

Enter Learning Management System.
Click on Base Ten Modeling Addition/Subtraction.
Click on the Base Ten Mat.
Click on the Questions (if not utilizing hard copy for students) and split screen.
Drag and drop the numbers asked (sum or difference) on the question sheet to match the slide number.
Check your work.
Turn in when you are done!

Assessment Strategies

The teacher will assess each student’s mastery of the standards and stated learning objectives by observing students manipulating models during the activity and evaluating each student's completed questions and drawings/interactive mat.

Acceleration and Intervention

Acceleration

Have students answer one peer’s or peer group’s set of questions.
Allow students to model regrouping.
Have students move to the next place value position.

Intervention

Use the Question-Answer Relationships (QAR) Strategy to Interpret “Math Graphics (video).”
“Number Talks.”
Peer collaboration.
Use physical manipulatives to reteach/reinforce math skills required for the activity.

Variation Tips

This activity is targeted for first grade, but the resources provided could also be used in 2nd, 4th, and 5th grades.

Grade 2 Math:

1) Use addition and subtraction within 100 to solve one- and two-step word problems by using drawings and equations with a symbol for the unknown number to represent the problem.

3) Use concrete objects to determine whether a group of up to 20 objects is even or odd.

6) Explain that the three digits of a three-digit number represent amounts of hundreds, tens, and ones.

10) Fluently add and subtract within 100, using strategies based on place value, properties of operations, and/or the relationship between addition and subtraction.

Grade 4 Math:

6) Using models and quantitative reasoning, explain that in a multi-digit whole number, a digit in any place represents ten times what it represents in the place to its right.

Grade 5 Math:

3) Using models and quantitative reasoning, explain that in a multi-digit number, including decimals, a digit in any place represents ten times what it represents in the place to its right and 1/10 of what it represents in the place to its left.

Approximate Duration

Total Duration

46 to 60 Minutes

Background and Preparation

Background / Preparation

Student Preparation:

Students should have the following prerequisite knowledge:

Define ones and tens.
Match the number in the ones and tens position to a pictorial representation or manipulative of the value.
Add numbers 0-9 to ten to create teen numbers using manipulatives or place value blocks.
Count objects up to 10.
Recognize numbers from 0-10.
Become interested in how many objects she/he has.
Understand the concept of size and amount.
Given a set number of objects one through ten, answer the question "how many?"
Pair the number of objects counted with "how many?"
Understand that the last number name tells the number of objects counted.
Understand that 10 1's = 10.
Establish one-to-one correspondence between numbers and objects when given a picture, a drawing or objects.
Pair a group of objects with a number representing the total number of objects in the group.
Count objects one-by-one using only one number per object.
Recognize that numbers and numerals have meaning.
Rote count to 10.
Communicate number words.
Define subtraction as separating groups of objects.
Represent numbers with objects or drawings.
Separate sets with nine or fewer objects.
Combine objects to form sets up to nine.
Notice same/different and some/all.
Subtract one from a set of objects (up to five objects).
Given a group of objects (ten or less), divide the group into smaller groups in various ways.
Take away objects from a large group to create two smaller groups.
Understand number words.
Count forward to 50 by tens.
Count backward from 50 by tens.
Mimic counting to 50 by tens.
Access instructional digital platform
Use keyboard, mouse, and touchpad

Teacher Preparation:

Prepare stations of base ten blocks and place value mats for the students to categorize by place value.
Determine if the activity will be completed individually or in partner groups.
Prepare computer/laptop station per student pair/group of students