SC15.8.14 | ALEX

Science (2015) Grade(s): 8

Developing and Using Models

Systems and System Models

Students know:

Potential energy is stored energy.
When two objects interact a distance, each one exerts a force on the other that can cause energy to be transferred to or from an object. The exerted forces may include electric, magnetic, or gravitational forces.
As the relative position of two objects (neutral, charged, magnetic) changes, the potential energy of the system (associated with interactions via electric, magnetic, and gravitational forces) changes.
Elastic potential energy is potential energy stored as a result of work done to an elastic object, such as the stretching of a spring. It is equal to the work done to stretch the spring, which depends upon the spring constant k as well as the distance stretched.

Students are able to:

Use a model of a system containing varying types and amounts of potential energy and identify the relevant components.
Describe the relationships between components of the model.
Articulate a statement that relates a given phenomenon to a scientific idea, including how a system of objects may contain varying types and amounts of potential energy.

Students understand that:

The types of potential energy in a system of objects may include electric, magnetic, or gravitational potential energy.
The amount of potential energy in a system of objects changes when the distance between stationary objects interacting in the system changes because a force has to be applied to move two attracting objects farther apart, or a force has to be applied to move two repelling objects closer together, both resulting in a transfer of energy to the system.

Energy in Song