SC15.8.13

Science (2015) Grade(s): 8

Analyzing and Interpreting Data

Scale, Proportion, and Quantity

Students know:

Kinetic energy is energy that an object possesses due to its motion or movement.
Kinetic energy increases if either the mass or the speed of the object increases or both.
Kinetic energy decreases if either the mass or the speed of the object decreases or both. The relationship between kinetic energy and mass is a linear proportional relationship (KE ∝ m).
In the linear proportional relationship, the kinetic energy doubles as the mass of the object doubles.
In the linear proportional relationship, the kinetic energy halves as the mass of the object halves.
The relationship between kinetic energy and speed is a nonlinear (square) proportional relationship (KE ∝ v2).
In the nonlinear proportional relationship, the kinetic energy quadruples as the speed of the object doubles.
In the nonlinear proportional relationship, the kinetic energy decreases by a factor of four as the speed of the object is cut in half.

Students are able to:

Develop a graphical display of data that illustrates the relationships between kinetic energy and the mass and speed of an object.
Use observations from the display of data to provide causal accounts for events and make predictions for events by constructing explanations.

Students understand that:

Rolling Balls