Unpacked Content
Scientific and Engineering Practices
Analyzing and Interpreting Data
Crosscutting Concepts
Patterns
Knowledge
Students know:
- Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties that can be used to identify it.
- Characteristic properties of substances may include odor, density, solubility, flammability, melting point, and boiling point.
- Chemical reactions change characteristic properties of substances.
- Substances react chemically in characteristic ways.
- In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants.
Skills
Students are able to:
- Observe characteristic physical and chemical properties of pure substances before and after they interact.
- Analyze characteristic physical and chemical properties of pure substances before and after they interact.
- Analyze the properties to identify patterns (i.e., similarities and differences), including the changes in physical and chemical properties of each substance before and after the interaction.
- Use the analysis to determine whether a chemical reaction has occurred.
Understanding
Students understand that:
- Observations and analyses can be used to determine whether a chemical reaction has occurred.
- The change in properties of substances is related to the rearrangement of atoms in the reactants and products in a chemical reaction (e.g., when a reaction has occurred, atoms from the substances present before the interaction must have been rearranged into new configurations, resulting in the properties of new substances).
Vocabulary
- Characteristic properties (e.g., odor, density, solubility, flammability, melting point, boiling point)
- Substances
- Chemical reaction
